Gross domestic product has long functioned as the dominant shorthand for national progress, yet it was designed to measure economic activity, not the full conditions of human and planetary flourishing. Economic growth can coexist with inequality, ecological degradation, declining trust, poor health, social fragmentation, and the erosion of future viability. The United Nations High-Level Expert Group on Beyond GDP has therefore made an important contribution by proposing that progress be measured as equitable, inclusive, and sustainable well-being, supported by a dashboard of indicators covering foundational principles, current well-being, equity and inclusion, and sustainability and resilience (High-Level Expert Group on Beyond GDP, 2026).
This white paper argues that the Beyond GDP agenda is necessary but incomplete if it remains primarily a measurement framework. A wider dashboard can make visible many harms that GDP conceals, but it cannot by itself transform the social, economic, ecological, technological, and institutional relations that generate those harms. The next step is a life-coherent framework for progress: one that asks whether the dominant arrangements of society enable or disable the life-capacities required for persons, communities, ecosystems, and future generations to live, heal, participate, repair, and flourish.
The paper integrates four complementary streams of thought. The UN Beyond GDP agenda provides the institutional opening. John McMurtry’s life-value onto-axiology provides the normative criterion: value consists in what enables more coherently inclusive ranges of thought, feeling, and action, while disvalue consists in what reduces, disables, or destroys such ranges (McMurtry, 2011a, 2011b, 2018). Johan Galtung’s peace theory deepens peace beyond the absence of direct violence toward the reduction of structural and cultural conditions that constrain life. Humberto Maturana’s relational biology reminds us that worlds are brought forth through distinctions, language, emotion, and recurrent relations of coexistence.
Building on these foundations, this white paper proposes a life-coherent deepening of Beyond GDP. It reframes progress as the expansion of life-capacity; wealth as life capital; peace as the reduction of avoidable life-harm; efficiency as the increasing provision of life goods with diminishing life-loss; and governance as the coordination of life-enabling conditions through the legitimate coexistence of all those affected, including those unable to speak for themselves. The aim is to move from measuring economic output, to measuring multidimensional well-being, to transforming the conditions through which life is enabled or disabled.
