Human Nature: The specific difference of human being understood both descriptively (what we are in distinction to other life forms) and normatively (how we ought to develop our distinguishing capabilities). It is subject to both critical and ideological formulations. In Western Philosophy, that which distinguishes humans from other species, determines the range of our capabilities,… Read More

Human value identity: This is a concept which understands value identity as that which is identified with by a self as its ultimate value. It can take polar opposite forms such as the identification of a person with his powers of money demand or, at the other pole, a person or society which identifies with universal organic… Read More

Humanism: any movement advocating human reason, values and embodied existence as of ultimate truth. Source: ‘What is Good? What is Bad? The Value of All Values across Time, Place and Theories’ by John McMurtry, Philosophy and World Problems, Volume I-III, UNESCO in partnership with Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems: Oxford, 2004-11. 

Hume’s problem: Because it is self-contradictory to accept the premises of a deductively valid argument but not the conclusion, and it is not self-contradictory to accept the premises of an inductively valid argument but not the conclusion, some other reason must be found for accepting the conclusion of an inductively valid argument. Source: ‘What is Good? What… Read More